A portable guarded heat flow meter for testing the thermal resistance and thermal conductivity of solids.
The Guarded Heat Flow Meter (GHFM-02) follows ASTM E1530-19 for testing thermal resistance and thermal conductivity of solids, such as metals, polymers and composites. The easy to operate GHFM-02 follows the trusted steady-state approach, with the addition of a guard to limit the effects of lateral heat loss. This design, allows testing of a wide range of materials with low to medium thermal conductivity.
According to the method, the sample is subjected to a steady-state through-thickness temperature gradient. The thermal conductivity of the sample is obtained by measuring the temperature difference across it, and one additional temperature.
The testing stack is made up of a heater – upper plate, with integrated temperature sensor and heat sink – lower plate with integrated temperature sensor on each side of the sample. Additional temperature sensors are placed near the top and bottom surface of the sample.
Once steady-state temperature across the sample is achieved, the Fourier law equation can be applied. It can readily be shown that for any solid sample, the ratio RS (m2 K/W), equal to the thickness of the sample, d (m), to its thermal conductivity, λ (W/mK), can be obtained from the temperatures measured:
The above equation is linear in form and is the working equation of the instrument. Constants F(m2 K/W) and Rint(m2 K/W), can be obtained by calibration of the instrument. To this effect, calibration samples of known thermal conductivity and hence, thermal resistance is employed. Calibrated results for thermal resistance and thermal conductivity are reported.
Materials | Metals, Polymers and Composites |
|---|---|
Measurement Capabilities | Through-Thickness |
Thermal Resistance | 0.00007 to 0.25 m² K/W |
Thermal Conductivity | 0.1 to 15 W/mK |
Measurement Time | Typically 30-60 minutes |
Reproducibility | 2% |
Accuracy | 5% |
Temperature Range | 20°C – 30°C |
Sample Diameter | 50.8 mm / 2 in. |
Maximum Thickness | 25.4 mm / 1 in. |
Standard | ASTM E1530-19 |
The basic GHFM-02 comes calibrated to calculate thermal conductivity from thermal resistance range of 0.0032 to 0.1270 m2 K/W. Additional available calibration ranges allow testing from 0.00007 to 0.25 m2 K/W.
Approximate Time: < 1 min.
Approximate Time: < 2 mins.
For a sample mean temperature of 25°C, the top heater should be set to 35°C, while the bottom heat sink chiller – circulator set to 15°C to achieve a delta temperature of 20°C.
Approximate Time: < 2 mins.
Approximate Time: < 60 mins.
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|---|---|---|
Models | ||
Materials | Metals, Polymers, Composites, and Pastes | Metals, Polymers and Composites |
Measurement Capabilities | Through-Thickness | Through-Thickness |
Applications | General Testing | General Testing |
Thermal Conductivity Range | 0.1 to 100 W/m•K* | 0.1 to 15 W/m•K |
Sample Diameter | 50 to 50.8 mm | 50.8 mm / 2 in. |
Sample Thickness | Up to 25 mm | Thin-films down to 0.01 mm with optional Software | 25.4 mm / 1 in. |
Maximum Thickness | 25.4 mm / 1 in. | 25.4 mm / 1 in. |
Temperature Range | -20 to 310 °C** | 20 to 30 °C |
Pressure | Automated up to 379 kPa (55 psi) | Manual |
Measurement Time | 30 to 45 minutes | 30 to 45 minutes |
Accuracy | ± 3 % | 5 % |
Repeatability | ± 1 to 2 % | 2 % |
Standards | ASTM E1530-19 | ASTM E1530-19 |
*Above 60 W/m·K, the material should be a minimum of 12.5 mm thick
**Chilled circulator included with each system
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